Object-oriented programming: programming style based on objects, attributes and methods. C++ and Java belongs to this group.
Imperative programming: style of programming in which every statement change a state. It's also called procedural programming, term that stress more the fact that the code is organized in subroutines or functions. A classical example is C.
Functional programming: paradigm in which the data is evaluated with mathematical functions, avoiding any state. It's the opposite of imperative programming. A well known example is Scala.
Structured programming: refers to a programming language that use extensively subroutines, block structures, for and while loops.
Declarative programming: language that avoid control flow. An example for all is SQL.
One language may follows one or more of the previous paradigms.
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