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Localization is the customization of a software for a particular region. This usually doesn't require coding, because any locale-sensitive object in Java relay on the default locale set by the Virtual Machine. However you may still need to change locale yourself, programmatically, by creating a Locale object and passing it to locale-sensitive objects.

There are three reasons to use localization:

• Display settings (menu and dialogs)
• Formatting (number, dates etc)
• Internazionalization (loading messages in a specific language by using resource bundles)

A locale is represented by the object Locale.

	Locale locale = new Locale("en", "US");

Here's possible to define five information:

• Language (required)
• Country
• Variant: dialects
• Script: set of symbols used
• Extension: it may be a unicode extension for calendars, currency etc, or a private extension for example for a particular operating system.

For example in "ja_JP_JP_#u-ca-japanese": ja is the language, JP the country, JP the variant and u-ca-japanese the extension.

You can create a Locale object in four different ways:

1) Constructor:

	Locale locale = new Locale("en", "CA");

2) Builder:

	Locale locale = new Locale.Builder().setLanguage("it").setRegion("IT").build();

Differently from (1) and (3) checks also the syntax.

3) Factory method:

	Locale locale = Locale.forLanguageTag("fr-FR");

4) Constant:

	Locale locale = Locale.JAPAN;

Here's an example on how we can assign a particular Locale to a locale-sensitive object like NumberFormat:

	NumberFormat nf = NumberFormat.getInstance(Locale.FRANCE);
	System.out.println(nf.format(15.46f));